Nelson (Nova Science Publishers, Inc., Hauppauge - NY, 2010), pp. de Paula, Piezo and pyroelectric composite film for acoustic emission and x-ray radiation intensity detection, in Piezoelectric Materials: Structure, Properties and Applications, vol.1. Altman, Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. Moher, The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. Piezo devices, which come in piezoelectric or piezoresistive varieties, are activated through some form of physical pressure. Barrie, Progress in developing a thermal method for measuring the output power of medical ultrasound transducers that exploits the pyroelectric effect. Octo By: APC Posted in: Piezo Electric The word piezo is derived from piezein, which is Greek for physical pressure in one form or another. Barrie, Evaluation of a novel solid-state method for determining the acoustic power generated by physiotherapy ultrasound transducers. Bickley, A novel pyroelectric method of determining ultrasonic transducer output power: deviceconcept, modeling, and preliminary studies. De, Pyroelectric composite film for x-ray intensity detection. Poubeli, PZT for measuring energy fluence rate of X-ray used in superficial cancer therapy. Dissertação (Mestrado)- Faculdade de Engenharia (Universidade Estadual Paulista- UNESP, Campus de Ilha Solteira, 2006) Pontes, Implementação de um sistema detector piroelétrico para medição de intensidade de radiação x na faixa de ortovoltagem.
de Almeida, Microcontrolled pyro-electric instrument for measuring X-ray intensity in mammography. Alter, Use of lithium niobate detector for measuring X-ray intensity in mammographic range. Alter, Measurement of x-ray intensity in the medical diagnostic range by a ferroelectric detector. Mascarenhas, Piezo and pyroelectric radiation dosimetry. Cameron, Two thermal methods to measure the energy fluence of a brief exposure of diagnostic x rays. Zimmerman, A new radiation dosimeter using a pyroelectric detector. Strakovskaya, Using pyroelectric detectors for the dosimetry of pulsed g radiation. Overton, Use of ferroelectrics for gamma-ray dosimetry. Shaw, Infra-red radiation detection by the pyroelectric effect.
Cooper, A Fast response pyroelectric thermal detector. Ta, Action of radiations on pyroelectric crystals. Higgins, Use of ferroelectric-crystal detectors for electron dosimetry. In contrast to low-power ultrasound, high-power ultrasound causes material changes or even destruction and is therefore suitable for use in material processing, ultrasonic cleaning or in the medical field in > Lithotripsy.A.S. If this exceeds 10 W/cm 2, it is referred to as high-power sound.
The intensity of the sound describes the power that hits a certain surface. In addition to medical imaging, low sound intensities are also required for applications in measurement technology. The great advantage of sonography over other imaging methods in medical technology is that sound waves are harmless and can even be used for unborn babies. Here, ultrasound is used to generate images of tissue and organs. The best known field of application is sonography, also known as echography. Piezoelectricity ( / pizo -, pitso -, paizo -/, US: / piezo -, pietso -/) 1 is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materialssuch as crystals, certain ceramics, and biological matter such as bone, DNA, and various proteins in response to applied mechanical stress. Industry, medical technology and research use ultrasound for many purposes. The frequency range for ultrasound is up to 16 GHz, i.e., 16 billion cycles per second. Ultrasound is the term used when the frequency of the propagating wave exceeds 16,000 Hz, making it undetectable for the human ear. 2MHZ PZT-82 High intensity focused ultrasound piezoelectric transducer. If an external force acts on an elastic medium such as a gas, a liquid or a solid, an undulating propagation of pressure and density fluctuation occurs in space and time, starting from the point where the force is applied. 1MHZ 2MHZ 3MHZ 4MHZ 5MHZ 8MHZ 10MHZ Ultrasonic Transducer Ceramic Piezo Disc.
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